Amenable groups and measure concentration on spheres

نویسنده

  • Vladimir Pestov
چکیده

It is proved that a discrete group G is amenable if and only if for every unitary representation of G in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space H the maximal uniform compactification of the unit sphere SH has a G-fixed point, that is, the pair (SH, G) has the concentration property in the sense of Milman. Consequently, the maximal U(H)equivariant compactification of the sphere in a Hilbert space H has no fixed points, which answers a 1987 question by Milman. Groupes moyennables et concentration de mesure sur les sphères Résumé — On démontre qu’un groupe discret G est moyennable si et seulement si, pour toute représentation unitaire de G dans un espace de Hilbert H de dimension infinie, it existe un point fixe de G dans le compactifié de Samuel de la sphère SH, c’est-à-dire la paire (SH, G) possède la propriété de concentration au sens de Milman. Par conséquent, le compactifié maximal U(H)-équivariant de la sphère unité d’un espace de Hilbert H ne contient aucun point fixe. Ceci permet de répondre à une question de Milman. Version française abrégée. — Le phénomène de concentration de la mesure sur les structures de grande dimension [11, 16] été utilisé par M. Gromov et V.D. Milman dans [6, 10] pour établir un nombre de nouveaux théorèmes du type point fixe. Soit X = (X,UX) un espace uniforme et soit F une famille des applications uniformément continues de X dans lui-même. D’après Milman [10, 11], on dit que la paire (X,F ) possède la propriété de concentration si tout couvert fini de X contient un élément A tel que, pour tout V ∈ UX et toute famille finie f1, f2, . . . , fn ∈ F , n ∈ N, on a ∩i=1fiV [A] 6= ∅. Dans ce cas, il existe un point fixe par F dans chaque compactifié F -équivariant de X. Gromov et Milman prouvent dans [6] que la paire (SH, G) possède la propriété de concentration, où SH est la sphère unité dans un Preprinted as Research Report 98-27, School of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, October 1998. This is a version as of November 19, 1998, incorporating some revisions.

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تاریخ انتشار 1998